大数据看中国“八大菜系”:谁最受欢迎?

俗话说民以食为天。在中国,虽然大家对吃有着一致的重视,但各地在食料、烹饪技法和风味上却大不相同,而菜系就是对这种饮食地域差异最直接的特征体现。

作为一个餐饮文化大国,中国菜式之多、味型之广、做法之精巧繁复,在世界范围内都是首屈一指。

长期以来,中国各地的菜肴由于受到当地环境、气候、物产、风俗以及饮食习惯的影响,形成了各种具有地方风味特色的流派。

鲁、苏、粤、川四大菜系形成历史较早,后来分化出浙、闽、湘、徽地方菜,由此形成了中国的八大菜系。

众所周知,八大菜系带来的纷争由来已久。那么,时至今日,这八大菜系哪个最受网友关注?各大菜系中有什么热门美食?各地的餐饮文化又贡献了多少GDP?21财经APP联合UC推出中国菜大数据微报告,为您细细道来。

八大菜系热度TOP20

川菜占据半壁江山

对,就是川菜!

都说味在四川。川菜味型多样,麻辣、酸辣、陈皮、鱼香、怪味等,皆厚实醇浓。川菜也是民间最大菜系,如今,川菜馆遍地开花,受到热捧。

从大数据来看,川菜在八大菜系中的热度显然最高,粤菜紧随其后,其次是湘菜、鲁菜和徽菜,同属东部沿海地区的闽菜、浙菜、苏菜则不相伯仲。

不仅如此,大数据还显示,在热度最高的20款菜式中,川菜占据了一半的席位,且四川名片四川火锅在21数据新闻实验室精选的近千款菜式(包括著名小吃甜品)中,热度遥遥领先。

而第二、第三名被两道杭州传统名菜包揽,分别是东坡肉和西湖醋鱼。

每个菜系都有从小吃到筵席一系列的风味菜式。从UC大数据来看,在八大菜系中受人喜爱的既有臭豆腐这样名扬天下的小吃,回锅肉这样的家常菜,也有能登上大雅之堂的佛跳墙。

如下图所示,八大菜系各菜系中最热门的3样菜,和你心目中的结果一样吗?你吃过几样呢?

餐饮经济地图

广东贡献第一,天津人均花费最高

八大菜系各成体系,代表着各地不同的风俗习惯、文化特点,但归根结底都是中国人对吃的讲究和热爱。饮食已然构成一种生活方式、一种时尚,促进消费并带动全国餐饮业的发展。

据中国饭店协会发布的《中国餐饮业年度报告》显示,2016年全国餐饮收入达到35799亿元,同比增长 10.8%。而按照国家统计局数据,同期我国GDP总量74.4万亿元,增速为6.7%。

虽然,餐饮业对GDP的贡献不足5%,但餐饮业收入增速很明显超过了GDP增速,且最近十年除了2013年外,均保持两位数以上的高速增长。

在餐饮收入增长的份额中,川菜、东北菜、粤菜、湘菜等向全国扩展的菜系发挥着举足轻重的作用。

21数据新闻实验室注意到,一个地方的餐饮收入与当地GDP总量呈现高度的相关性。从区域分布来看,经济大省广东、山东、江苏也是全国餐饮收入最高的三个省份。其中,广东无论是在GDP总量上,还是餐饮收入方面,均位居全国第一。

全国一共有14个省市自治区全年餐饮收入超过千亿元,八大菜系对应的省份悉数在列,且排名相对靠前。据21数据新闻实验室统计,广东、山东、江苏、浙江、四川、湖南、福建、安徽8个省份2016年餐饮收入共计17963.83亿元,占全国的50.18%,与GDP合计占比相当。

忽略流动人口因素,以常住人口数量计算,在饮食上消费最高的当数天津人,平均每人一年在外可吃掉5363元。其次为上海人、北京人,在饮食上一年分别消费4432元、4226元。值得注意的是,这3个直辖市在人均GDP指标上也位居全国TOP3。

总的来看,5个地区的人均每年餐饮消费在4000元以上,除了上述3个直辖市,还有内蒙古自治区、浙江省。而平均消费在2000元-4000元区间的省市自治区有15个,其他11个地区则人均每年餐饮消费不足2000元。

文章来源: 21世纪经济报道 于

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