流浪潮席卷美国西海岸 失业率为零也无家可归

In this Oct. 12, 2017 photo, Paige Clem sits in the car she lives in along with her husband and three dogs outside a church where free food was being distributed in Everett, Wash. Clem, who said she has battled drug addiction in the past but was now clean, said having enough money just to run the heat in her car and move it when required, was a daily challenge. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

由于生活成本的上涨,房屋租金的飙升,美国西海岸流浪人口持续增加,成千上万无固定居所的市民在公园、桥下、公路边搭起了临时居所,居住阵仗让人瞠目结舌。

In this Sept. 18, 2017 photo, Steve, who declined to give his last name, sits with his young son and a sign asking for money near an upscale hotel in downtown Portland, Ore. Steve said that although he works, he needs to ask for money to afford nights at budget hotel away from downtown and that he has been seeking permanent housing for over a year. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

在西雅图一个绿树成荫的富人居住区中心的公园内,堆积了大量的家用废品——床垫、帐篷、木质用具、藤椅,只能由拖拉机清理,旁边还有带着面具穿着靴子的清洁工从草丛中捡拾被丢弃的针头和废物。就在前一天,这个公园还是流浪者的临时非法居所,400多个这样的非法居所涌现在西雅图各个公园、桥下、公路旁边。而现在,这些无家可归的人被警察和社会工作者从这样的非法居所驱赶出去,不得不回到城市汹涌的人潮中,又成了居无定所的人。

In this Sept. 28, 2017 photo, a person sleeps under a blanket on a beach near the Ocean Beach Pier in San Diego. A homeless crisis of unprecedented proportions is rocking the West Coast, leaving elected officials and outreach workers scrambling for solutions. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull)

这种情况不仅发生在西雅图,一场前所未有的流浪危机正席卷美国整个西海岸。而这一切归根结底是西海岸地区成功发展带来的后果——住房成本飙升,房屋空置率上涨,经济迅速发展。整个西海岸地区所有的政府官员都正在寻找解决办法。西雅图市议员迈克·奥布莱恩(Mike O’Brien)说,“西雅图失业率为零,但努力工作却无固定住房的人成千上万。这些没有房屋的居民没有地方可住。每次我们新开辟一个临时居所,都会挤满人。”

In this Sept. 19, 2017 photo, a person sleeps next to a wheelchair on a park bench in downtown Portland, Ore., not far from the city’s trendy Pearl District. A few years ago, a large influx of homeless people camping in the park led to the closure of at least one business and complaints about public drug use. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

越来越多无家可归的人将赤贫推向了前所未有的境界,同时也压倒了各个城市和非营利性组织。大量流浪人员露宿街头,公众健康受到威胁,多个城市宣告处于紧急情况,拨出巨款寻求解决方案。致命性甲型肝炎已在多个城市爆发,加利福尼亚州已发布紧急预警,圣迭哥正用漂白剂清洗人行道以防止致命性甲型肝炎的爆发。

In this Oct. 30, 2017 photo, Stanley Timmings looks out of the window of the RV where he lives with his girlfriend on the streets of Seattle. Earlier in the year, the couple lost the room they were renting in a house when the owner died of cancer, and they were unable to find another room or an apartment that they could afford, so they bought the RV for $300. In Seattle, about one-third of unsheltered homeless people live in vehicles, according to recent homeless counts. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

无家可归在西雅图并不是一件新鲜事。但加利福尼亚、俄勒冈州、华盛顿州官员及为流浪者提供服务的工作人员和美联社初步对流浪者统计得到的数据都显示,这种流浪情况正变得越来越糟。由于房价高涨,无论是曾经遭遇困境还是安然度过困境的人现在都被迫住在大街上。

In this Sept. 20, 2017 photo, a pedestrian walks past a man sleeping on a public sidewalk in downtown Portland, Ore. Rising numbers of homeless people up and down the West Coast region of the U.S. have pushed abject poverty and issues such as addiction and mental health into the open like never before. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

美国加利福尼亚、俄勒冈州、华盛顿州今年早些时候发布的官方数据显示,三个州总共有16.8万流浪者。由于包括了天气因素和其他因素造成的人口流浪,今年的人数相比前两年增长了1.9万人。

In this Sept. 22, 2017 photo, deputies with the Orange County Sheriff’s Department make routine contact with people camped outside Angel Stadium in Anaheim, Calif. Hundreds of homeless people regularly sleep in the area, and deputies often stop by to offer services and check on the safety of people camped there. (AP Photo/Chris Carlson)

美国房地产信息公司Zillow和华盛顿大学共同进行的一项研究表明,房价上涨和流浪人数之间存在着密切的联系。例如,洛杉矶房屋租金每增加5%,流浪人口将增加2000人。在政府和非营利组织的努力下,流浪者逐渐有了固定居所,因此全美范围内的流浪人口已经有下降趋势。西雅图政府已经开设了“低保障”庇护所,为流浪者提供床铺,但全市所供给的床铺数量较少,呈现供不应求的态势。

A group of homeless people sleep in the courtyard of the Midnight Mission Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017, in Los Angeles. The mission’s courtyard is open to any homeless people looking for a safe place to spend the night. A homeless crisis of unprecedented proportions is rocking the West Coast, and its victims are being left behind by the very things that mark the region’s success: soaring housing costs, rock-bottom vacancy rates and a roaring economy that waits for no one. (AP Photo/Jae C. Hong)

由于生活成本的上涨,房屋租金的飙升,美国西海岸流浪人口持续增加,成千上万无固定居所的市民在公园、桥下、公路边搭起了临时居所,居住阵仗让人瞠目结舌。

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