美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）以及财政部6月3日发表联合声明，回应中方的白皮书。图为今年2月下旬，美中在华府展开谈判。(Alex Wong/Getty Images)
北京于6月2日公布白皮书《关于中美经贸磋商的中方立场》。美国贸易代表办公室（USTR）以及财政部6月3日发表联合声明，回应中方的白皮书。联合声明全文翻译如下。
美国对于中方周日（6月2日）发布的“白皮书”和最近的公开声明感到失望，中方的这些声明是一场指责戏码，歪曲了两国间贸易谈判的性质和历史。要想了解各方眼前的处境以及未来方向，有必要了解导致目前僵局的历史。
川普（特朗普）总统承诺采取行动，以解决中国几十年来所从事的不公平贸易行为，此等行为导致越来越多且不可持续的贸易逆差，去年达到近4,200亿美元，对美国劳工、农民、牧场主，以及企业造成严重伤害。2017年8月，在总统的指示下，美国贸易代表对中方行为展开调查，包括知识产权、创新和技术开发等方面。在持续七个月的调查中，举行了相当多的听证会以及搜集到无数的证据后，美国于2018年3月发布了一份长达200页的调查报告，记录了中国的不公平贸易行为，包括强制技术转让、未能保护美国知识产权，以及网络入侵美国公司，剥夺他们的敏感商业信息和商业机密等。这些不公平的贸易行为和中方的其它行动，使美国及其企业每年损失数千亿美元。
根据这些调查结果，总统指示联邦政府采取有效行动，根据美国法律和任何适用的国际协定解决中方有害和扭曲行为。总统指示美国贸易代表办公室在世界贸易组织挑战中方的不公平贸易行为，同时对中国商品征收关税以抵消中方行为对美国工业造成的损害。中国的回应不是通过建设性的方式解决我们的担忧，而是采取报复措施，对美国出口的商品征收不合理的关税。对此，美国的回应是采取额外的关税。
川普总统和习近平于2018年12月在布宜诺斯艾利斯同意启动目前的谈判后，川普总统将原计划于2019年1月1日生效的对中国进口产品加征关税的命令，推迟了90天。在双方谈判中似乎取得进展时，川普总统再次推迟加税命令。经过数月的努力和坦诚且建设性的讨论后，双方就若干重要事项达成了协议。然而，在最后结束重要问题的讨论时，中方撤回了先前商定的条款。对于中国的撤回承诺，美国决定对中国商品加税，并公告要对其余中国进口商品加税。
值得注意的是，本次谈判是要解决中国长期以来的不公平贸易行为。在这些会谈中，我们的谈判立场是一致的，中国撤回了双方同意的重要元素，其中一个是要有可执行性，这是必要的内容，因为中方过去从未履行承诺。我们坚持中国提出详细且可执行的承诺，绝不是要对中国主权构成威胁，相反，这些问题都是贸易协定中常见的议题，也是解决越来越多且不可持续的贸易逆差体制性议题所必须的元素。
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